Toxic nodular goiter is a thyroid disease where one or more lumps (nodules) in the thyroid gland make too much thyroid hormone by themselves, without listening to the body’s normal control signals. This extra hormone causes hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), while Read More …
Endemic Goitre
Endemic goitre is a long-term swelling of the thyroid gland that happens in many people who live in the same area, usually because their diet does not contain enough iodine for many years. The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland Read More …
Graves’ Ophthalmopathy
Graves’ ophthalmopathy is an eye problem that happens when the body’s immune system attacks the tissues around the eyes, usually in people who also have Graves’ disease (autoimmune thyroid overactivity). The tissues and muscles behind the eyes become swollen and Read More …
Dalrymple’s Sign
Dalrymple’s sign is a medical eye sign. It means that the upper eyelid is pulled up too high, so the opening between the lids looks very wide and more of the white part of the eye (sclera) is visible above Read More …
Boston’s Sign
Boston’s sign is a special eye sign seen in people with thyroid eye disease, most often in Graves’ disease. It means that when the person looks down, the upper eyelid comes down in a jerky, uneven, spasmodic way instead of Read More …
Abadie’s Sign of Exophthalmic Goiter
Abadie’s sign of exophthalmic goiter is a special eye sign seen in people with Graves’ disease, which is a form of exophthalmic goiter (autoimmune hyperthyroidism). In this sign, the upper eyelid muscle (called the levator palpebrae superioris) goes into a Read More …
Hyperthyroid Myopathy
Hyperthyroid myopathy (also called thyrotoxic myopathy) is a muscle disease that happens when the body has too much thyroid hormone for a long time. The extra hormone speeds up metabolism and makes muscle cells break down faster than they can Read More …
Amiodarone Induced Thyrotoxicosis (AIT)
Amiodarone induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) is a type of hyperthyroidism that happens because of the heart medicine amiodarone. Amiodarone is an anti-arrhythmic drug that contains a very large amount of iodine, and this extra iodine can disturb the thyroid gland and Read More …
Thyroid Storm
Thyroid storm is a rare, life-threatening emergency that happens when the thyroid gland suddenly releases a very large amount of thyroid hormone into the blood. This causes the body’s systems to “run out of control,” with extremely high fever, very Read More …
Thyrotoxicosis Factitia
Thyrotoxicosis factitia is a type of thyrotoxicosis (too much thyroid hormone in the blood) that happens because a person takes thyroid hormone from outside the body, usually in tablet or capsule form, even though their own thyroid gland is not Read More …
Hashitoxicosis
Hashitoxicosis is a short-lasting phase of thyrotoxicosis (too much thyroid hormone in the blood) that happens in people with Hashimoto thyroiditis, an autoimmune disease of the thyroid. In this condition, the immune system attacks the thyroid gland and damages the Read More …
Familial Dysalbuminemic Hyperthyroxinemia (FDH)
Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) is a rare inherited condition in which a change (mutation) in the albumin gene makes blood albumin bind thyroid hormone, especially thyroxine (T4), much more tightly than normal. Because of this, blood tests show very high Read More …